Alan Turing was a pivotal figure in World War II and coined as the father of modern computing and artificial intelligence. He made crucial contributions to codebreaking at Bletchley Park, where he invented the "Bombe" machine to decipher German Enigma messages, significantly shortening the war.
Ada Lovelace is best known for her contributions to the Analytical Engine, a proposed mechanical general-purpose computer designed by Charles Babbage. Lovelace is accredited an algorithm intended to be carried out by the machine, effectively creating the first computer program.
Marie Curie's discoveries in radioactivity revolutionised our understanding of the atom and led to major advances like X-ray technology, cancer radiation therapy, and nuclear physics. She was the first person to win Nobel Prizes in two different scientific fields and remains the only woman to do so.
While researching beriberi, a widespread disease at the time, Suzuki identified a component in rice bran that prevented the illness. This research led to his discovery of the first vitamin, vitamin B1 by successfully isolating the component oryzanin from the rice.
Carver was an African American agricultural botanist renowned for his developments in crop rotation and soil conservation. He promoted alternative crops like peanuts and sweet potatoes, helping Southern farmers restore soil health. His innovations significantly improved agricultural sustainability and economic conditions for many impoverished farmers.
Isadora Duncan transformed the world of dance, breaking away from the strict formalism of ballet in favour of natural, expressive movement. Inspired by emotion and classical art, she wanted to prove that dance could be more than simply just a set of steps. This pioneering vision gave rise to modern dance as we now know it.
Al Kharizmi laid the foundations in algebra and algorithms and his systematic approach to solving linear and quadratic equations. His name is the origin of the word "algorithm," and the term "algebra" comes from the title of his influential book on the subject.
Newton famously formulated the laws of motion which describe the relationship between an object's motion and the forces acting upon it and laws of gravitation explaining the force of attraction between two objects, revolutionising our understanding of classical mechanics, essential for understanding how the universe operates.
